ASTM A276 vs. ASTM A182F: What’s the Difference

ASTM A276 and ASTM A182 are standards developed by ASTM International for stainless steel and heat-resisting steel bars and for forged or rolled alloy-steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, valves, and parts for high-temperature service, respectively. Here’s a comparison of their composition, mechanical properties, and applications:

ASTM A276

Composition:

• Material Type: Stainless and heat-resisting steel bars.
• Common Grades: Includes various grades of stainless steel like 304, 316, 410, etc.
• Elements: Primarily consists of carbon, silicon, Molybdenum, phosphorus, Sulfur,  chromium, nickel and Molybdenum and others, depending on the specific grade.

Mechanical Properties:

• Tensile Strength: Varies by grade, e.g., 75-150 ksi (520-1035 MPa) for some common grades.
• Yield Strength: Also varies by grade, e.g., 30-120 ksi (205-830 MPa).
• Elongation: Generally around 20-40%.
• Hardness: Depending on the grade and condition (annealed or hardened), can range from 70 to 300 HB.

Applications:

• Used in construction, automotive, aerospace, and manufacturing industries.
• Common applications include shafts, fittings, bolts, and other structural components where corrosion resistance is important.

ASTM A182

Composition:

• Material Type: Forged or rolled alloy-steel pipe flanges, forged fittings, valves, and parts.
• Common Grades: Includes various grades of stainless steel and alloy steel like F304, F316, F22, etc.
• Elements: Composition is similar to ASTM A276 but specifically formulated for high-temperature and high-pressure applications. Alloying elements like chromium, molybdenum, and nickel are used.

Mechanical Properties:

• Tensile Strength: Varies by grade, e.g., 70-125 ksi (485-860 MPa) for some common grades.
• Yield Strength: Varies by grade, e.g., 30-100 ksi (205-690 MPa).
• Elongation: Typically around 15-30%.
• Hardness: Ranges from 70 to 300 HB, depending on the grade and treatment.

Applications:

• Used in oil and gas, chemical processing, power generation, and other industries that require high-temperature and high-pressure service.
• Common applications include flanges, fittings, valves, and other components in piping systems.

Key Differences

• Product Form: ASTM A276 covers bars, while ASTM A182 covers forged or rolled pipe flanges, fittings, valves, and parts.
• Application Focus: ASTM A276 is used for general structural and architectural applications, whereas ASTM A182 is used for high-temperature and high-pressure applications in piping systems.
• Mechanical Properties: While both standards have similar ranges for tensile and yield strength, ASTM A182 materials are typically designed for more demanding service conditions.

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